Vol. XXVIII, n.6, 2007 ISSN: 0392-2936


european journal
of gynaecological oncology

an International Journal


Editors-in-Chief
A. Onnis
Montréal (CND)
P. Bösze
Budapest (Hungary)


Associate Editors
M. Marchetti
Montréal (CND)

Assistant Editor
J. Wilson
San Diego - CA (USA)
Editorial Board
Allen H.H., London, Ontario (Canada)
Anteby S.O., Jerusalem (Israel)
Audet-Lapointe P., Montreal (Canada)
Ayhan A., Ankara (Turkey)
Balat O., Graziantep (Turkey)
Barber H.K., New York, NY (USA)
Basta A., Krakow (Poland)
Bender H.C., Dusseldorf (Germany)
Benedetti Panici P.L., Rome (Italy)
Charkviani T., Tbilisi (Georgia)
De Oliveira C.F., Coimbra (Portugal)
Dexeus S. Jr., Barcelona (Spain)
Di Paola G.R.,Buenos Aires (Argentina)
Di Re F., Milan (Italy)
Di Saia P., Orange, CA (USA)
Fuller A.F. Jr., Boston, MA (USA)
Geisler H.E., Indianapolis, IN (USA)
Gerbaulet A., Villejuif (France)
Gorins A., Paris (France)
Heintz A.P.M., Utrecht (The Netherlands)
Ioannidou-Mouzaka L.,Athens (Greece)
Jordan J.A., Birmingham, England (UK)
Karseladze A.I., Moscow (Russia)
Klastersky J., Bruxelles (Belgium)
Kubista E., Vienna (Austria)
Kudelka A.P., Houston, TX (USA)
Maggino T., Padua (Italy)
Markowska J., Poznan (Poland)
Marth C., Innsbruck (Austria)
Massuger Leon F.A.G.,
Menczer J., Savyon (Israel)
Monsonego J., Paris (France)
Pinotti A., São Paulo (Brazil)
Piura B., Beer Sheva (Israel)
Piver S.M., Buffalo, NY (USA)
Rakar S., Ljubljana (Slovenia)
Raju K.S., London, England (UK)
Shepherd J.H., London, England (UK)
Stelmachów J., Warsaw (Poland)
Tjalma W., Antwerpen (Belgium)
Ungár L., Budapest (Hungary)
Vermorken J.B., Edegem (Belgium)
Vîrtej P., Bucharest (Romania)
Wang P.-H., Taipei (Taiwan)
Winter R., Graz (Austria)
Yokoyama Y., Hirosaki (Japan)

Publishing Organization (M. Morsani):
I.R.O.G. CANADA, Inc. - 4900 Côte St-Luc - Apt # 212 - Montréal, Qué. H3W 2H3 (Canada)
Tel. +514-4893242 - Fax +514-4854513 - E-mail: canlux@mgroup-online.com - www.irog.net

Editorial Office (M. Critelli):
Galleria Storione, 2/A - 35123 Padua (Italy) - Tel. (39) 049 8756900 - Fax (39) 049 8752018

 

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GYNAECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY (ISSN 0392-2936) publishes original peer reviewed works in the fields of female genital cancers and related subjects and also proceedings of gynecologic oncology society meetings all over the world. The Journal is covered by CURRENT CONTENTS, SCISEARCH, RESEARCH ALERT, INDEX MEDICUS, MEDLINE, EMBASE/ Excerpta Medica, CURRENT ADVANCES IN CANCER RESEARCH, BIOSIS.

 

European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology
www.irog.net


General Information

The EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GYNAECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY (ISSN 0392-2936) publishes original peer reviewed work, preferably brief reports, in the fields of female genital cancers and related subjects – prevention, early detection, epidemiology, pathology, diagnosis, management – and also proceedings of Gynaecologic Oncology Society meetings all over the world.

The Journal is covered by CURRENT CONTENTS, SCISEARCH, RESEARCH ALERT, INDEX MEDICUS, MEDLINE,
EMBASE/ Excerpta Medica, CURRENT ADVANCES IN CANCER RESEARCH, BIOSIS.

AIMS AND SCOPE
The EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GYNAECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY is dedicated to publishing editorial articles in the “Distin-guished Expert Series” and original research papers, case reports, letters to the Editor, book reviews and newsletters.

The Journal was founded in 1980 – the second gynaecologic oncology hyperspecialization journal in the world. Its aim is the dif-fusion of scientific, clinical and practical progress and knowledge in female neoplastic diseases in an interdisciplinary approach among gynaecologists, oncologists, radiotherapists, surgeons, chemotherapists, pathologists, epidemiologists and so on.

ANNOUNCEMENTS regarding meetings, postgraduate courses and symposia will be accepted 6 months before publication and will be published free of charge.
BOOK SAMPLES for review should be sent to the Editorial offices in Montréal or in Padova.
COPYRIGHT: the Journal has been registered with the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. Reproductions are not allowed without the written consent of the Publisher. All photocopy fees should be paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 21 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970, USA stating the ISSN number, the volume and the first and last page numbers of each article copied.
ADVERTISING INFORMATION: advertising orders and inquiries may be sent to: I.R.O.G. CANADA Inc., Publisher, 4900 Côte St. Luc, Apt. 212, Montréal (Quebec) Canada H3W 2HS, Tél. 514.4893242-4893640 - Fax 514.4854513 - E-mail: canlux@mgroup-online.com - www.irog.net
RESPONSIBILITY: although every effort is made by the editorial staff and the printer to eliminate misleading or inaccurate infor-mation, the publisher accepts no responsibility for the consequences of faultful or incorrect information. The authors recognize that the editor and publisher have no responsibility and are indemnified against any liability or claim that may result from the publication of misleading or incorrect data.


SUBSCRIPTION INFORMATION
The Journal is published bimonthly (January, March, May, July, September and November); one volume per year. Subscriptions start from January and are automatically renewed if not cancelled by the end of September.

Subscriptions include six issues per year plus supplements, monographs and all official communications of Meetings, Courses, Symposia and all scientific activities of Gynaecologic Oncology Societies all over the world.

Subscriptions are entered with prepayment only. The annual subscription is $390 US for Institutions, $200 US for Individuals. For airmail add $30, for receipt add $10 US. Single copy prepaid cost $95 US.

Send subscription requests with cheque or credit card payment (Amex - Visa - Diner’s - Master Card) to I.R.O.G. CANADA Inc., 4900 Côte St. Luc, Apt. 212, Montréal, Québec H3W 2H3 Canada. Only US Funds are accepted. No bank transfers.

Claims for missing issues can be honoured up to six months. Changes of address: allow six weeks for all changes to become effec-tive. All communications should include both old and new addresses (with postal codes) – better if accompanied by a mailing label from a recent issue – and should be sent to the printer: La Garangola, Via E. Dalla Costa 6, 35129 Padova (Italy) or by Fax +39.049.7806580. Claims should be made within six months of publication date.

Duplicate copies will not be sent to replace those undelivered through failure to notify of change of address.

Single copies and back issue and volume information is available from the printer, La Garangola, Padova, Tel. +39.049.8075557, Fax +39.049.7806580. Certain back issues may only be available as photocopies of the originals.

All other business correspondence including orders for offprints and advertising space and any communication and requests should be addressed to I.R.O.G. CANADA Inc., 4900 Côte St. Luc, Apt. 212, MONTRÉAL, QUÉBEC H3W 2H3 (Canada), tel. (514) 4893242, fax (514) 4854513.

IN ALL LEGAL MATTERS THE COURT OF MONTREAL IS COMPETENT

 

European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology
www.irog.net


Instructions to Authors

SUBMISSION OF MANUSCRIPTS
Papers should be submitted to A. ONNIS Editor-in-Chief of the EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GYNAECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY, 4900 Côte St. Luc, Apt. 212 MONTREAL, QUÉBEC H3W 2H3 (Canada) - Tel. +514-4893242 - Fax +514-4854513, or Galleria Sto-rione 2/A - 35123 PADOVA (Italy) - Fax +39-049-8752018.

Editorial articles for publication in the “Distinguished Expert Series” should be submitted to P. Bösze, Editor-in-Chief of this section, Department of Gynecology, Saint Stephan Hospital, 1096 Budapest, Nagyvárad tér 1, Telephone (36-1) 275 2172, Fax (36-1)
275 2172, E-mail: bosze@axelero.hu

When a manuscript is submitted, an acknowledgement card is sent to the corresponding author within two or three weeks.

Submitted papers are reviewed by the Editor-in-Chief and his Peer Referees. Authors may be required to modify the manuscript according to the reviewers’ suggestions.

Manuscripts accepted for publication will be copyedited by the editorial staff for typographical and grammatical mistakes and to guarantee clarity and conciseness.

Publication time will be the shortest possible based on scientific and publishing needs. Manuscripts submitted for publi-cation cannot be returned.

Published papers will become property of the Journal and copyrighted under I.R.O.G. CANADA Inc.

After six months no grievances will be accepted regarding published articles.

All statements are the responsibility of the authors. Product dosages, indications and methods referred to in the papers reflect the author’s experience. No responsibility is assumed by the Editor-in-Chief or the Publisher for any damage from use of any products, operation methods or instructions contained in the published materials.

Trade names, trademarks, etc. are protected by the law and regulations. The Editor-in-Chief and the Publisher cannot accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made in press, particularly for information about drug dosage and appli-cation thereof contained in the Journal. Consult the prescribing information before administering any drug.

MANUSCRIPT REQUIREMENTS
The Journal follows the “Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals” published in the New England Journal of Medicine 1991, 324, 424-8 and in the British Medical Journal 1991, 302.

Three manuscripts, typed and double spaced should be submitted with an electronic disk, formatted in Word for Macintosh or Windows, version 6.0. Manuscripts without an electronic disk will not be accepted. A cover letter signed by all authors must state that all authors who have participated in the work take responsibility for the manuscript which has never been pub lished or submitted for publication elsewhere. Without a cover letter the publication will not be possible. Name, address and phone/fax numbers of the Corresponding Author, responsible for revision and approval of the proofs, should be indicated. Full-length articles should not exceed 8 printed pages including tables and references.

After the title page (full title and names of authors, institutions, eventual acknowledgement for financial support, running title of no more than 60 characters or spaces), original works should be arranged in the conventional order: Summary (purpose of investiga-tion, methods, results, conclusion - about 150 words), Key words, Content (a 20-word summary), Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgement (if any), References, Tables, Legends.

Authors should supply a complete address for reprint requests.

In the text only standard abbreviations can be used and must be avoided in the title. The full term for which an abbreviation stands should precede its first use in the summary and text unless it is a standard unit of measurement.

Authors must give their complete professional identifications and affiliations, including all academic titles and positions.

Letters to the editor should be brief (500 words or less) and offer objective, constructive and educational criticism of published material. The editor reserves the right to publish.

Figures: Two original copies (not negatives) of each figure are requested. Each figure should have a label on the back indicating its number, author’s name and top of the figure. Do not write on the back of the figures and do not mount them on cardboard. If sending colour pictures advise if they must be printed in colour or black and white (colour costs ten times more).

Legends should be typed on a separate page with Arabic numerals corresponding to the illustrations.

Tables should be titled, typed in double space on separate pages and numbered in Arabic numerals in the order of their first cita-tion
in the text. Do not use internal rules. Only standard, universally understood abbreviations should be used.

References should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. Identify references in the text, tables, and legends by Arabic numerals in parentheses.

Use the style of the examples below, which are based with slight modifications on the format used by the U.S. National Library of Medicine in Index Medicus. The titles of journals should be abbreviated according to the style used in Index Medicus.

References must be verified by the Author(s) against the original documents.

Examples of correct forms of references are given below:

Articles in Journals: Authors’ surname and initials (if more than six names, give six followed by “et al.”), Title, Abbreviated Journal Title, Year of Publication, Volume, Issue and first page.

Books: Authors’ surname and initials, title of the book and title of chapter, in: Title, Editor(s), Place, Publisher, Year, Page.

Acknowledgments
will be limited to appropriate professionals who were contributors to the paper.

PROOFS revised by the editorial staff will be sent to the corresponding author and should be checked and returned within ten days. The corresponding author is responsible for detecting typesetting errors. After this deadline the proofs will be considered approved. Only essential corrections should be made; extensive changes will be charged to the authors.

BUSINESS MATTERS
The Journal has no commercial advertisements.

Authors will be expected to contribute to the printing expenses, tables, figures and postage. For every published article a copy of the Journal will be provided free of charge. Only payments in US dollars will be accepted. No bank transfers.

Reprints should be requested with the form enclosed with the acceptance letter. No free reprints will be supplied.



© By I.R.O.G. CANADA INC. - Publisher - Editorial office 4900 Côte St. Luc - Apt. 212 - Montréal Québec H3W 2H3 (Canada) - Tel. (514) 4893242-4893640 - Fax (514) 4854513 - Printed in Italy by “La Garangola” - Via E. Dalla Costa, 6 - 35129 Padua (Italy) - Responsible Director: Prof. Antonio Onnis M.D. - Authorization of Padua’s Court n. 633 - 28-6-1979
   
European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology - Vol. XXVII, n. 5, 2006
 
   
CONTENTS  
DISTINGUISHED EXPERT SERIES  
Placental site trophoblastic tumor – a challenging rare entity 545
B. Piura - Beer-Sheva, ISRAEL
The up-to-date knowledge related to placental site trophoblastic tumor is revised.
 
 
ORIGINAL ARTICLES  
Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy for Stage IA2-IIB cervical cancer: 5-year survival of 501 consecutive cases 553
Z. Papp, Zs. Csapó, P. Hupuczi, Á. Mayer - Budapest, HUNGARY
This study assessed the 5-year survival and morbidity in cases with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy with pre- and postoperative irradiation performed to treat Stage IA2-IIB cervical cancer.
 
3-D fractal tumor growth of epithelial ovarian cancer 561
A. Kikuchi, S. Kozuma, T. Yasugi,Y. Taketani - Tokyo, JAPAN
The surface of a solid area of malignant epithelial ovarian tumors has a 3-D fractal structure, and the mean fractal dimension may differ according to histologic types.
 
Establishment of a cervical cancer model via inoculating SiHa Cells into humanized severe combined immunodeficient mice 566
F. Ye, H. Chen, Z. Liang,W. Lu, Q. Cheng, X. Xie - Hangzhou, CHINA
A HPV16-positive cervical carcinoma model which can perfectly simulate the biological features of spontaneous human cervical cancer has been successfully established in SCID mice.
 
Surgical pathologic factors in patients with early-stage cervical carcinoma treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection: association with administration of adjuvant radiotherapy and effect on survival 573

B. Piura, A. Rabinovich, M. Friger - Beer-Sheva, ISRAEL
In 126 patients with early-stage cervical carcinoma treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection, pelvic lymph node status was the strongest factor affecting administration of adjuvant radiotherapy and the most significant predictor of survival.

 
The efficiency of treatment in patients with uterine-confined endometrial cancer 579
K. Karolewski, Z. Kojs, K. Urban´ski, J. Jakubowicz, P. Blecharz, P. Dymek, M. Reinfuss - Kraków, POLAND
Seven hundred and seventy-five patients with uterine-confined endometrial cancer (UCEC) were treated between July 1985 and June 2000 in the Krakow Branch of Sklodowska Memorial Institute.
 
Prognostic factors for women with Stage 1 ovarian cancer with or without adhesions 585
S. Bondy, L. Elit, Z. Chen, C. Law, L. Paszat - Ontario, CANADA
Poor prognostic factors for a population-based cohort of Stage 1 ovarian cancers included increasing age, grade 3 tumor and surface capsule involvement.
 
Differential gene expression profile reveals overexpression of MAP3K8 in invasive endometrioid carcinoma 589
C. Aparecida Alves, I.D.C.G. Silva, F.E. Villanova, S. Mancini Nicolau, M.A. Custódio, C. Bortoletto, W.J. Gonçalves - Săo Paulo, SP, BRAZIL
MAP3K8 is overexpressed in invasive endometrioid carcinoma.
 
Biomagnetism in gynaecologic oncology. Our experience in Greece 594
A. Kotini, A.N. Anastasiadis, N. Koutlaki, D. Tamiolakis, P. Anninos, P. Anastasiadis - Alexandroupolis, GREECE
Magnetic waveform recordings may serve as an adjundt to the traditional screening methods in breast, ovary, and cervical pathology.
 
Epithelial ovarian tumors and CA125 in premenarchal girls 597
Z. Stankovic, S. Djuricic, M. Djukic, D. Jovanovic, M. Vasiljevic - Belgrade, SERBIA
Analysis of six premenarchal patients with resected or biopsied ovarian masses was performed. Histologic findings revealed cystadenoma in four girls, one with a mucinous borderline tumor and one with undifferentiated carcinoma. CA125 is a tumor marker with low sensitivity and specificity for detection of epithelial ovarian malignancy in this age group.
 
Twenty years of contributions to the study and prevention of uterine cancer 600
J.L. Garrido Martínez, M.M. Díaz, A. Villarreal - Panama City, PANAMA
Out of 9,312 patients 5,009 were reported to be at risk for cervical cancer during a 20-year period in the Republic of Panama.
 
Topotecan as a second-line therapy in patients with ovarian and primary peritoneal cancer: initial response and long-term follow-up 603
A. Ayhan, C. Taskiran, N. Yigit-Celik, M. Gultekin, S. Tuncer, N. Guler, K. Yuce - Ankara, TURKEY
Topotecan had significant antitumor activity as a second-line therapy in relapsed ovarian cancer patients with measurable disease. In a subgroup of patients with positive second-look laparotomy topotecan was also associated with a long median survival duration.
 
Results on the treatment of uterine cervix cancer: ten years experience 607
A. Papanikolaou, I. Kalogiannidis, D. Misailidou, M. Goutzioulis, P. Stamatopoulos, A. Makedos, A. Vatopoulou, G. Makedos - Thessaloniki, GREECE
Cancer of the uterine cervix has improved survival because of early diagnosis. Treatment should be individualized according to extent of disease.
 
Paget’s disease of the vulva - a review of our experience 611
S. Petkovic´, K. Jeremic´, S. Vidakovic, J. Jeremic´, G. Lazovic´ - Belgrade, SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO
The aim of this study was to review our experience with Paget’s disease of the vulva relative to the initial examination, treatment and oncological outcome.
 
 
CASE REPORTS  
Myelolipoma in the paravesical space - case report 613
W.A.A. Tjalma - Edegem, BELGIUM
Extra adrenal myelolipomas are rare benign tumours which can be located in the parametrium.
 
Stage Ib cervical cancer during pregnancy: planned delay in treatment - case report 615
K. Traen, D.Svane, N. Kryger-Baggesen, K. Bertelsen, O. Mogensen - Odense, DENMARK
The planned delay of treatment of Stage IB cervical cancer during a twin pregnancy is described and the literature reviewed.
 
Primary mucinous carcinoid tumour of the ovary: a case report 618
S. Karavolos, M. Caplin, E. Benjamin, J. Crow, T. Mould - London, UK
A case of primary ovarian mucinous carcinoid tumour, of the atypical category, in a 34-year-old nulliparous woman is reported.
 
Benign cystic mesothelioma presenting as a huge pelvic mass - a case report 621
A. Coskun, M.A. Guven, O. Ozdemir, H. Ciraklu, S. Karakus - Kahramanmaras, TURKEY
A rare case of benign cystic mesothelioma in a 25-year-old woman is presented.
 
Bilateral primary breast lymphoma - case report 623
Th. Vasilakaki, A. Zizi-Sermpetzoglou, E. Katsamagkou, X. Grammatoglou, N. Petrakopoulou, C. Glava - Piraeus, GREECE
A case of a 55-year-old woman with bilateral primary breast lymphoma and bilateral axillary lymph node metastasis is presented.
 
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix with an uncommon metastasis to the left iliac region - case report 625
R.-M. Valeri, K. Kaplanis, Th. Apostolou, A. Kiziridou, A. Pantidou, A. Boussoulegas, Ch. Destouni - Thessaloniki, GREECE
A rare case of a basaloid squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix with metastasis to the left iliac region diagnosed by FNA is described.
 
Torsion of carcinomatous ovarian cyst and polycystic omental disease - case report 629
V. Dugalic, N. Popovic, M. Gojnic, Lj. Arsenijevic, D. Filimonovic, V. Jeremic - Belgrade, SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO
A 48-year-old patient presented with torsion and acute abdomen. Primary ovarian cancer and secondary polycystic-metastatic echoes of the omentum were histopathologically confirmed and surgery followed.
 
Angiokeratoma of the vulva: a rare benign vascular tumor mimicking malignancy - case reports 632
K. Kontogianni-Katsaros, E. Kairi-Vassilatoy, D. Grapsa, K. Papadias, D. Hasiakos, A. Kondi-Pafitis - Athens, GREECE
The pathological features of four cases of vulval angiokeratomas are reported.
 
Primary giant leiomyoma of the ovary - case report 634
E. Erdemoglu, M. Kamaci, I ·. Bayram, A. Güler, H. Güler S¸ahin - Van, TURKEY
A rare case of giant primary ovarian leiomyoma with an unusual presentation, ascites and elevated CA125 is reported and the preoperative imaging findings are discussed.
 
Ovarian neoplasm composed of an insular carcinoid tumor and a borderline mucinous cystadenoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma: a case report 636
P. Chatzipantelis, A. Mavrogiorgis, E. Kairi-Vassilatou, A. Pafiti - Lesvos, GREECE
A case of an extremely rare combination of primary tumors in the ovary of a 57-year-old woman is reported.
 
Vaginal cancer in a patient treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 3): case report 638
G. Androutsopoulos, G. Adonakis, P. Ravazoula, G. Kourounis - Rion, GREECE
A case of vaginal cancer in a patient treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is presented.
 
Index vol. XXVII, 2006 641
Index of Authors vol. XXVII, 2006 650
 
ERRATA - CORRIGE  
Impact of morbid obesity in surgical management of endometrial cancer: surgical morbidity, clinical and pathological aspects  
S. Erkanli1, F. Kayaselçuk2, T. Bagis1, E. Kus¸çu1 - Adana, TURKEY 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2Department of Pathology, Adana (Turkey) Vol. XXVII, n. 4, 2006, page 401

Errata: 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2Department of Pathology, Adana (Turkey)
Corrige: 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2Department of Pathology, Baskent University School of Medicine, Adana (Turkey)
 
Erratum: A paper by D.C. Dale published in the EJGO 2004, 25, 133-144 entitled “The benefits of haematopoietic growth factors in the management of gynaecological oncology” inadvertently omitted an acknowledgement of editorial assistance of Jackie Williams from Gardiner-Caldwell Communications and whose services were paid for by Amgen Europe.  
 
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GYNAECOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY
Vol. XXVII, Number 3, 2006
ISSN: 0392-2936
I.R.O.G. CANADA, Inc.
Publisher office: 4900 Côte St. Luc - Apt. 212 - Montréal, Québec H3W 2H3 (Canada) - Tél.: (514) 4893640-4893242 - Fax: (514) 4854513
E-mail: canlux@qc.aira.com - www.irog.net

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopies,
recordings, nor any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner.
Printed in Italy